The Between Story’: trauma físico y psíquico en la poesía de Sonia Sánchez y Lucille Clifton
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2013.030Palabras clave:
Teoría del trauma, Trauma insidioso, Realismo traumático, Poesía feminista, Racismo, SexismoResumen
Las opciones retóricas utilizadas por las poetas negras hacen de su trabajo una herramienta militante en la batalla teórica contra la opresión racista y sexista. Investigar sobre el trauma y el testimonio conlleva una crisis de la persona o el carácter, repentinamente teñidos con la muerte –un momento nunca por entero realizado–, que sin embargo está en el centro de la explicación de los signos retóricos del trauma. Mediante la lectura de los poemas de Sonia Sánchez “Wounded in the House of a Friend” (Sanchez, 1995: 5), “Poem for Some Women” (Sanchez, 1995: 72), “Eyewitness: Case No. 3456” (Sanchez, 1995: 70) y “Poem at Thirty” (Sanchez, 1985: 4), así como “My Friends” (Clifton, 1987: 147), “Shapeshifter Poems” (Clifton, 2000: 52) y “Song at Midnight” (Clifton, 1993: 24) de Lucille Clifton, muestra mi análisis cómo la herida traumática conforma una herida psíquica. Además aplica enfoques de raza y de género a la lectura de los sujetos del poema (el trauma insidioso), y a cómo el tiempo y el espacio se relacionan con individuos, lugar y silencios (realismo traumático). Utilizando la teoría del trauma, quiero así ilustrar cómo las formas estéticas de S. Sánchez y L. Clifton adaptaron la militancia del Black Arts Movement al tratamiento de voces silenciadas. Abordaré en particular las voces silenciadas de sujetos permanentemente sometidos a connotaciones falocéntricas, esas que son desafiadas por el discurso, el arte y la poesía del feminismo negro.
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